Which term is comprised of actions or attitudes toward a cultural group that result in the targeted group changing its behavior?

Which term is comprised of actions or attitudes toward a cultural group that result in the targeted group changing its behavior?

• A. Cultural oppression
• B. Systemic/institutional oppression
• C. External oppression
• D. Individualized oppression

Answer: (D)

The situation describes oppression driven by the actions or attitudes of individuals toward a cultural group, causing that group to change how it behaves. This is best captured by individualized oppression, which focuses on prejudice and discriminatory behaviors from individuals and how those behaviors pressure the targeted group to adapt—whether by concealing identity, changing routines, or altering self-presentation to avoid harm. Think of a teacher who holds biased expectations based on a student’s background, leading the student to disengage or aim lower. Or a coworker who excludes someone from projects because of culture, pushing that person to minimize participation. These are concrete, person-to-person actions and attitudes that shape behavior. In contrast, systemic or institutional oppression involves policies, rules, and practices embedded in organizations and systems; cultural oppression refers to the broader cultural norms and beliefs that justify subordination; external oppression isn’t a standard term in this framework.

The situation describes oppression driven by the actions or attitudes of individuals toward a cultural group, causing that group to change how it behaves. This is best captured by individualized oppression, which focuses on prejudice and discriminatory behaviors from individuals and how those behaviors pressure the targeted group to adapt—whether by concealing identity, changing routines, or altering self-presentation to avoid harm.

Think of a teacher who holds biased expectations based on a student’s background, leading the student to disengage or aim lower. Or a coworker who excludes someone from projects because of culture, pushing that person to minimize participation. These are concrete, person-to-person actions and attitudes that shape behavior.

In contrast, systemic or institutional oppression involves policies, rules, and practices embedded in organizations and systems; cultural oppression refers to the broader cultural norms and beliefs that justify subordination; external oppression isn’t a standard term in this framework.